Sprained Ankle Guide: Symptoms, Treatment, Types, and Recovery Tips

A sprained ankle is a common injury that can happen to anyone, whether you're an athlete, a casual walker, or simply stepping onto uneven ground. This seemingly minor injury can cause significant discomfort, inconvenience and long-term problems, especially if not treated properly. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the symptoms of a sprained ankle, types, causes, sprained ankle treatment, and essential recovery tips to get you back on your feet.

What is a Sprained Ankle?

A sprained ankle occurs when the ligaments—tough bands of tissue connecting bones—are stretched or torn due to excessive force or twisting. These ligaments help stabilise your ankle, and any damage can lead to pain, swelling, and difficulty moving.

Types of Ankle Sprains

Understanding the types of sprained ankle can help you assess the seriousness of the injury and take appropriate action. Sprains are classified into three grades based on severity:

• Grade I: Mild – Slight stretching and minor tearing of ligaments. Swelling and discomfort are minimal.
• Grade II: Moderate – Partial tearing of ligaments with noticeable swelling, bruising, and difficulty walking.
• Grade III: Severe – Complete ligament tear, causing severe pain and significant swelling, and walking is challenging.

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Causes of Ankle Sprains

Ankle sprains usually result from sudden or awkward movements that overstretch the ligaments. Common causes include:

• Twisting your ankle during sports or daily activities.
• Walking or running on uneven surfaces.
• Wearing inappropriate footwear, especially during physical activities.
• Engaging in high-impact sports or activities also increases the risk of a sprained ankle.

Symptoms of a Sprained Ankle

Identifying the symptoms of sprained ankle early can help in prompt treatment:

• Pain and tenderness: Pain and tenderness are felt around the injured ligament.
• Swelling and bruising: The affected area may swell visibly and develop bruises.
• Difficulty bearing weight: Walking or putting pressure on the injured foot can be painful.
• Redness and warmth: A sprain increases blood flow to the affected area.
• Instability: If the ligament is completely torn, the joint may feel weak or unstable.

Diagnosing a Sprained Ankle

A proper diagnosis is key to effective sprained ankle treatment. A physician may perform a physical exam to assess swelling, pain points, and range of motion. If required, imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans or MRIs can be done to rule out fractures or more serious injuries.

Treatment Options

Prompt treatment is crucial for a quick sprained ankle recovery. Here are the primary treatment methods used by healthcare providers for treating ankle sprains:

Immediate Care: The R.I.C.E. Method

The R.I.C.E. method is widely recommended for early-stage treatment:

• Rest: Avoid activities that strain the ankle.
• Ice: Apply a cold pack for 15–20 minutes every few hours to reduce swelling.
• Compression: Use an elastic bandage to stabilise the ankle.
• Elevation: Keep the foot raised above heart level to minimise swelling.

Medication

Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen and naproxen can alleviate discomfort and swelling.

Rehabilitation Exercises

Strengthening and flexibility exercises like isometric contractions, heel raises, ankle circles, etc., can restore mobility and prevent future sprains. 

Surgery

Surgery is rare and is reserved for severe cases, such as a Grade III sprain, in which ligaments are completely torn and do not heal with conventional treatment methods. In severe cases, the doctor may perform two types of procedures: arthroscopy and lateral ankle ligament reconstruction.

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Preventing Ankle Sprains

Prevention is better than cure. Reduce your risk of a sprained ankle with these tips:

• Strengthen your ankles with targeted exercises.
• Wear supportive footwear, especially during physical activities.
• Warm up before engaging in sports or workouts.
• Avoid uneven surfaces or use extra caution while walking on them.

When to See a Doctor?

While most sprains heal with home care, certain signs necessitate professional attention:

• Severe pain and inability to walk.
• Persistent swelling or bruising.
• Instability in the ankle, even after initial treatment.

A medical consultation ensures that there are no underlying complications, like fractures.

Conclusion

A sprained ankle may be a common injury, but proper care is essential for preventing long-term complications. Understanding the types of sprained ankle, identifying symptoms early, and following the right sprained ankle treatment methods can speed up your recovery. In some cases, health insurance can cover treatment costs, reducing financial stress during recovery. Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company offers comprehensive health insurance plans that provide coverage for unexpected medical expenses. Take the necessary steps to care for your ankle and consult a healthcare professional if needed. With the right approach, you’ll be back on your feet in no time!

FAQs

How long does recovery take?

Recovery time varies based on the severity of the sprain. Mild sprains may heal in a week or two, while severe cases can take several weeks or months.

Can you walk on a sprained ankle?

It's best to avoid walking if it causes pain. Resting the ankle is critical for recovery.

What’s the difference between a sprain and a strain?

A sprain affects ligaments, while a strain involves muscles or tendons.

What is the recovery method for a sprained ankle?

The R.I.C.E. method, combined with rehabilitation exercises, is the most effective.

What is good for ankle recovery?

Rest, proper support, physiotherapy, and following medical advice are crucial for a smooth recovery.

What are the four recommended steps for treating a sprain?

Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.

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