SGOT in Blood Test: All You Need to Know

SGOT (Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase), also known as AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase), is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles, and kidneys. A blood test to measure SGOT levels helps assess liver and heart health. Elevated SGOT can indicate tissue damage or inflammation, often linked to liver disease, heart attacks, or muscle injuries. Monitoring this enzyme is essential in diagnosing and managing chronic conditions. Health insurance plans from Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company support diagnostic coverage, including SGOT tests, across 18,400+ hospitals.

What is the SGOT Test?

The SGOT test measures the level of the enzyme SGOT in the blood. SGOT helps convert amino acids into energy, and while it's present in various tissues, it's most concentrated in the liver and heart. The test is usually part of a liver function panel and is recommended when liver or heart disease is suspected. Elevated SGOT levels can signal liver damage, muscle injury, or even a heart attack. Early detection through this test allows for better disease management.

Normal SGOT Range in Blood

The normal SGOT range typically lies between 5 to 40 units per litre (U/L) of blood. However, values may vary slightly based on laboratory standards and testing methods. A higher reading doesn’t always indicate serious illness, but consistently elevated SGOT levels should not be ignored. Doctors evaluate SGOT in combination with SGPT and other markers to make an accurate diagnosis. If abnormalities are found, further tests are usually recommended.

Causes of High SGOT Levels

• Liver Disorders: Hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis
• Heart Issues: Heart attack or inflammation of the heart muscle
• Muscle Damage: Trauma, intense exercise, or muscular diseases
• Alcohol Abuse: Excessive alcohol intake damages liver cells, releasing SGOT
• Medications: Certain drugs like statins, antibiotics, or anti-epileptics
• Pancreatitis or Gallbladder Disorders
• Autoimmune Diseases: Like autoimmune hepatitis
• Infections or Sepsis: Severe systemic infections can cause organ damage

Understanding the underlying causes of high SGOT helps determine the appropriate treatment strategy.

Also Read: Blood Group Test: Purpose, Procedure, Types & Risks

SGOT vs SGPT: Key Differences

• SGOT (AST): Found in liver, heart, muscles, and kidneys
• SGPT (ALT): Primarily found in the liver

Both are liver enzymes, but SGPT is more specifically associated with liver health. SGOT can rise due to heart or muscle damage as well. In diagnosing liver conditions, SGPT levels are often more reliable. However, doctors usually consider both together for a clearer picture of liver and overall organ function.

Symptoms Linked to Raised SGOT Levels

• Fatigue or weakness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Abdominal discomfort or pain, especially in the upper right side
• Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)
• Dark urine and pale stools
• Muscle cramps or soreness (if muscle damage is the cause)
• Swelling in legs or abdomen
• Unexplained weight loss

These symptoms may accompany elevated SGOT, depending on the root cause. If you experience these signs, consult a healthcare professional promptly.

Health Conditions Associated with High SGOT

• Liver diseases: Hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis
• Cardiac conditions: Heart attack, myocarditis
• Muscle disorders: Rhabdomyolysis, muscular dystrophy
• Pancreatitis
• Bile duct obstruction
• Mononucleosis or other viral infections

Persistent high SGOT may also indicate ongoing tissue damage or inflammation, necessitating further investigation.

When is the SGOT Test Recommended?

Doctors may recommend an SGOT test if you:

• Show signs of liver disease (e.g., jaundice, dark urine)
• Have been exposed to hepatitis
• Are on medications that affect the liver
• Have a family history of liver disorders
• Have symptoms of muscle or heart problems

It’s often done alongside SGPT and other liver function tests.

How to Prepare for an SGOT Test?

Usually, no special preparation is needed. However:

• Inform your doctor about all medications, including supplements
• Avoid alcohol for at least 24 hours before the test
• Fast if advised (though not always required)

The blood sample is collected from a vein, and results are generally available within 24 hours.

Understanding SGOT Results

• Normal Range: 5–40 U/L
• Mildly Elevated: May be due to medication, exercise, or alcohol
• Moderately to Highly Elevated: Suggests liver damage, heart issues, or muscle injury

SGOT alone isn’t diagnostic; it must be analysed along with other tests like SGPT, bilirubin, and ALP. Your doctor will interpret the results based on symptoms and medical history.

How to Reduce SGOT Levels Naturally?

• Limit alcohol intake
• Follow a liver-friendly diet: Fresh fruits, vegetables, and lean protein
• Exercise regularly: But avoid overexertion
• Stay hydrated
• Avoid self-medication with drugs that affect the liver
• Take supplements like milk thistle or turmeric only after consulting a doctor

Lifestyle changes play a crucial role in managing mildly elevated SGOT levels.

Also Read: What is Heart Rate? Know What It Tells About Your Health

Conclusion

SGOT is a key enzyme tested to assess liver and heart health. Elevated levels may indicate underlying health issues, but with early diagnosis and the right care, they can often be managed effectively. Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company offers access to diagnostic testing and follow-ups at 18,400+ hospitals, ensuring timely support for monitoring SGOT levels and related conditions.

FAQs

What is the normal SGOT range?

Typically, 5–40 U/L is considered the normal range for SGOT in blood tests.

Is high SGOT dangerous?

High SGOT can indicate liver, heart, or muscle damage. It may be serious if left unmanaged.

How can I lower my SGOT levels?

Follow a liver-friendly diet, avoid alcohol, stay hydrated, and take medications only under medical advice.

How often should SGOT be tested?

As advised by your doctor, especially if you have liver conditions or are on medications affecting liver function.

What conditions can lower SGOT levels?

SGOT rarely drops below normal but may appear low in malnutrition or advanced liver disease.

Can SGOT detect early liver damage?

Yes, SGOT can be an early indicator, especially when combined with other liver function tests.

What does the SGOT test diagnose?

It helps diagnose liver disease, heart attack, muscle damage, and monitor liver health during treatment.

What lifestyle changes can lower SGOT levels?

Eat a balanced diet, avoid alcohol, stay active, and manage stress for improved liver enzyme levels.